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Report |
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Table of Contents |
Opening Pages |
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Chapter 1 |
Introduction |
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Chapter 2 |
Research Overview |
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Chapter 3 |
Water Supply and Availability |
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Chapter 4 |
Design Guide |
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Chapter 5 |
Operational Guide |
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Key References |
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Bibliography |
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Tables |
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Table 2.1 |
Water Deficit 35 Year Averages |
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Table 2.2 |
Effect CDSI and regular tile drainage (DR) on corn and soybean yields |
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Table 2.3 |
Research Drain Spacing |
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Table 5.1 |
Yield Response Factors for Corn |
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Figures |
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Figure 1.1 |
Three modes of a Drainage system |
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Figure 1.2 |
Flow direction and water table position in response to different water management alternatives |
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Figure 1.3 |
Flashboard Type Design |
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Figure 1.4 |
Float Type Design |
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Figure 1.5 |
Allowable sag of the water table midway between drains or ditches and the tolerable water table elevation above drains or in ditches during subirrigation |
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Figure 1.6 |
Uneven moisture distribution occurs with subirrigation when the surface is not uniform |
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Figure 1.7 |
Capillary Fringe |
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Figure 1.8 |
Effective Rooting Depth |
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Figure 1.9 |
Typical rooting depths for crops in humid areas |
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Figure 1.10 |
The Soil Water Balance in the Root Zone |
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Figure 1.11 |
Water Table Design Depth |
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Figure 1.12 |
Upward Flux vs. Water Depth for Different Soils |
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Figure 1.13 |
Drainage volume curve for a Ste. Rosalie clay |
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Figure 1.14 |
Upward flux curve for a Ste. Rosalie clay |
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Figure 1.15 |
Effect of planting date on crop yield |
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Figure 2.1 |
Ten Year Moving Average: (a) Annual (b) Growing Season (c) Non-Growing Season Water Deficit Between 1920 and 2000 at Harrow, Southwestern Ontario |
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Figure 3.1 |
Average Monthly Precipitation |
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Figure 3.2 |
Average Monthly Flow (Southwestern Ontario) |
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Figure 3.3 |
Average Monthly Flow (Eastern Ontario) |
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Figure 3.4 |
Summer Rainfall and Summer Stream Flows (Southwestern Ontario) |
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Figure 3.5 |
Summer Rainfall and Summer Stream Flows (Eastern Ontario) |
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Figure 4.1 |
Summer Rainfall less Stream Flow with Water Storage Required |
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Figure 5.1 |
Simplified illustration of WRSIS water table management strategies for the growing season |
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Figure 5.2 |
Managing the water table depth for plant development |
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Design Examples |
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Dwg 1.0 |
New or Replacement CDSI with Closely Spaced Laterals and 6 inch Elevation Control Zones and Storage Pond |
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Dwg 2.0 |
Existing Drained Field (0.2% Grade on Brookston Soil) |
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Dwg 3.0 |
Controlled Drainage Retrofit with 12 inch Elevation Control Zones |
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Dwg 4.0 |
Retrofit with Storage Pond, Closely Spaced Tiles and Subirrigation |
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Dwg 5.0 |
Storage Pond at Ground Level Spoil to Land Levelling or Export |
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Dwg 6.0 |
Storage Pond (Partially Elevated) with Spoil in Engineered Berm |